- English translation
Both baker and market inspector.
- Literal wording
A baker and a muhtasib.
- Meaning and lesson
The phrase sets a baker beside a muhtasib, the market official whose job was to oversee weights and prices. One natural reading takes the two titles as describing a single person, so that the seller and his would-be supervisor are the same, though the wording itself only names the two roles side by side.
In application, the saying is aimed at a dishonest trader who decides at whim how much goods he hands over and what he demands for them, not at an actual baker holding office. The complaint is about impunity: he meets no one able to curb his abuses, and buyers have no recourse.
- When it is used
Use it critically about a vendor who shortchanges customers on quantity or sets prices arbitrarily without consequence, not for unrelated situations. It conveys disapproval of unchecked cheating; said of a named person, it amounts to accusing them of defrauding customers.
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